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Dubrovnik is a famous city in southern Dalmatia by the Adriatic Sea. It is historically known as Ragusa. It is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the Mediterranean, a sea port and the center of Dubrovnik-Neretva County.
It is known for its characteristic old town surrounded by massive stone walls completed in the 16th century. Its well-preserved buildings range from the Baroque Church of Saint Blaise to the Renaissance Sponza Palace and the Gothic Duke's Palace, which is now a historical museum. In 1979, the city was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in recognition of its fortified old town and outstanding medieval architecture. The history of the city dates back to the 7th century, when the city known as Ragusa was founded by refugees from Epidaurum. Dubrovnik was under the protection of the Byzantine Empire and later under the sovereignty of the Republic of Venice. Between the 14th and 19th centuries, it ruled as a free state. The city's prosperity was based on maritime trade. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Dubrovnik became famous for its skillful diplomacy and its wealth. At the same time, it became the cradle of Croatian literature. Stradun or Placa is Dubrovnik's main street in the old town. It is Dubrovnik's most popular meeting place and promenade. The most beautiful and widest city street divides the old city center into the southern and northern parts. In the area of Stradun, there are the biggest local attractions: the Saint Saviour Church, the Big Onofrio's Fountain, the Bell tower and Bell Lounge, Orlando's column and the Sponza Palace - Historical Archive. The Big Onofrio's Fountain stands in the middle of Poljana Paskoj Milicevic square. It is the work of the architect and construction master Onofrio di Giordano della Cava from Naples. He built it in 1438 as the final part of the aqueduct. In most cities of Venetian Dalmatia, water problems were solved by building large rainwater tanks. In Dubrovnik, they decided to bring spring water into the city. The architect Onorfio brought the water supply from the Sumot spring, which is located in Rijeka Dubrovacka. He built two branch lines in the urban area. The first branch supplied water to the western part of the city, while the second branch headed towards the eastern part of the city. Water was available to locals in two areas. He built the Big Onofrio's Fountain at the western entrance to the old town, and the Small Onofrio's Fountain in the eastern part of the city, Luza square.
In addition to these two main public wells, there were several smaller ones in the city. The famous fountain was badly damaged in the earthquake of 1667. What is visible today is the architectural perimeter, the magnificent decoration was destroyed.